When should I use F51 vs G47?

F51 is for sleep disorders of primarily psychological causation. G47 covers organic sleep disorders (sleep apnoea, narcolepsy, etc.). If in doubt, a sleep study may help differentiate. Comorbid organic and nonorganic sleep disturbance can be coded with both.

All diagnostic codes

F50Feeding and Eating Disorders Sexual DysfunctionsF52

F51Behavioural Syndromes

Nonorganic Sleep Disorders (F51)

DSM-5-TR: Sleep-Wake Disorders

ICD-10-AM and DSM-5-TR may classify conditions differently. Refer to APA and WHO for complete diagnostic criteria.

Key Facts

ICD-10 Range

F50-F59

Subcodes

8 subcodes

Australian Prevalence

Sleep disturbances affect up to 33-45% of Australian adults. Insomnia is the most common type, affecting approximately 13-33% of the adult population.

Global Prevalence

Insomnia affects approximately 10-30% of the global adult population. Chronic insomnia prevalence approximately 6-10%.

Duration Requirement

Insomnia: persisting for a considerable period (typically at least 1 month)

Overview

This group includes sleep disorders of primarily psychological causation, including insomnia, hypersomnia, and sleep-wake schedule disorders. Parasomnias such as sleepwalking, sleep terrors, and nightmares are also included when they are not attributable to organic conditions.

Diagnostic Criteria (ICD-10)

Core Features

Sleep disturbance of primarily psychological causation
Insomnia: unsatisfactory quantity/quality of sleep with difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep
Hypersomnia: excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged sleep duration
Sleep-wake schedule disorder: lack of synchrony with desired schedule
Parasomnias: abnormal episodes during sleep (sleepwalking, terrors, nightmares)

Duration

Insomnia: persisting for a considerable period (typically at least 1 month)

Exclusion Criteria

Organic sleep disorders such as sleep apnoea (G47.3), narcolepsy (G47.4), or restless legs (G25.8)

ICD-10-AM Subcodes

Code	Name	Description
F51.0	Nonorganic insomnia	Unsatisfactory quantity and/or quality of sleep persisting for a considerable period, not due to organic causes.
F51.1	Nonorganic hypersomnia	Excessive daytime sleepiness or sleep attacks not attributable to organic factors.
F51.2	Nonorganic disorder of the sleep-wake schedule	A lack of synchrony between the sleep-wake schedule and the desired schedule.
F51.3	Sleepwalking	Episodes of rising from bed during sleep and walking about while in a state of altered consciousness.
F51.4	Sleep terrors	Nocturnal episodes of extreme terror and panic associated with intense vocalisations, motility, and high autonomic arousal.
F51.5	Nightmares	Dream experiences loaded with anxiety or fear, with very detailed recall.
F51.8	Other nonorganic sleep disorders	Other specified nonorganic sleep conditions.
F51.9	Nonorganic sleep disorder, unspecified	Nonorganic sleep disorder where the specific type is unspecified.

F51.0—Unsatisfactory quantity and/or quality of sleep persisting for a considerable period, not due to organic causes.

F51.1—Excessive daytime sleepiness or sleep attacks not attributable to organic factors.

F51.2—A lack of synchrony between the sleep-wake schedule and the desired schedule.

F51.3—Episodes of rising from bed during sleep and walking about while in a state of altered consciousness.

F51.4—Nocturnal episodes of extreme terror and panic associated with intense vocalisations, motility, and high autonomic arousal.

F51.5—Dream experiences loaded with anxiety or fear, with very detailed recall.

F51.8—Other specified nonorganic sleep conditions.

F51.9—Nonorganic sleep disorder where the specific type is unspecified.

Classification Boundaries

Includes

Nonorganic insomnia
Nonorganic hypersomnia
Sleepwalking disorder
Sleep terrors
Nightmare disorder

Excludes1 (coded elsewhere)

Organic sleep disorders (G47)
Sleep disorders due to substance use (F10-F19)

Australian Clinical Context

Sleep disturbances are extremely common in Australian primary care, affecting up to 33–45% of adults. The Australasian Sleep Association provides clinical guidelines. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is recommended as first-line treatment before pharmacotherapy. MBS items cover psychological treatment for sleep disorders.

Medicare (MBS) Pathways

Better Access to Mental Health Care

The primary Medicare pathway for mental health treatment in Australia. Requires a GP Mental Health Treatment Plan (MHTP) referral. Available for any clinically diagnosed mental disorder.

10 individual + 10 group sessions per calendar year

Provider Type	MBS Items	Session Type
Clinical Psychologist	80000–80025	Psychological therapy (higher rebate)
Registered Psychologist	80100–80123	Focused psychological strategies
Occupational Therapist	80125–80145	Focused psychological strategies
Social Worker	80150–80175	Focused psychological strategies
Psychiatrist	291, 296–299, 300–308	Psychiatric consultation

Clinical Psychologist

80000–80025Psychological therapy (higher rebate)

Registered Psychologist

80100–80123Focused psychological strategies

Occupational Therapist

80125–80145Focused psychological strategies

Social Worker

80150–80175Focused psychological strategies

Psychiatrist

291, 296–299, 300–308Psychiatric consultation

GP referral items: 2700, 2701, 2715, 2717

Eligibility: Any clinically diagnosed mental disorder as defined by WHO ICD-10 Chapter V. Requires a GP or psychiatrist referral.

Exclusions:

Intellectual disability (use Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder pathway or specialist referral)
Dementia and organic mental disorders (use specialist referral pathway)
Tobacco use disorder

Automate MBS item capture from your sessions

Grounded Scribe suggests the right MBS item codes from your recording so you can claim accurately without re-keying.

Reference information sourced from MBS Online (mbsonline.gov.au). Item availability, rebates, and eligibility criteria may change. This is not billing advice — always verify current items before claiming. Last verified: April 2026.

Clinical Documentation Notes

Ensure organic causes (sleep apnoea G47.3, restless legs syndrome G25.8, narcolepsy G47.4) are excluded before diagnosing nonorganic sleep disorders. Sleep disturbance is commonly comorbid with mood and anxiety disorders — code the primary condition if sleep disturbance is a symptom rather than the primary problem.

Related Diagnostic Codes

ICD-10-AM diagnostic codes commonly associated with the Nonorganic Sleep Disorders (F51).

F32

Mood Disorders

Major Depressive Disorder

View reference

F41

Anxiety Disorders

Generalised Anxiety Disorder / Panic Disorder

View reference

Frequently Asked Questions

References

World Health Organization. ICD-10-AM.
Australasian Sleep Association. Clinical Guidelines.
American Psychiatric Association. DSM-5-TR. 2022.

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