- F41
- Anxiety Disorders
Other Anxiety Disorders (F41)
DSM-5-TR: Generalised Anxiety Disorder / Panic Disorder
ICD-10-AM and DSM-5-TR may classify conditions differently. Refer to APA and WHO for complete diagnostic criteria.
Key Facts
- ICD-10 RangeF40-F48
- Subcodes6 subcodes
- Australian PrevalenceAnxiety disorders affect approximately 16.8% of the Australian population in any given year (ABS 2020-21). GAD prevalence approximately 5.9%.
- Global PrevalenceAnxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, affecting approximately 301 million people (WHO 2019).
- Duration RequirementGAD: at least 6 months of persistent anxiety. Panic disorder: recurrent unexpected panic attacks.
Overview
This category covers anxiety disorders where the predominant symptoms are not restricted to any particular environmental situation. Depressive and obsessional symptoms may also be present but are secondary. Includes generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder.
Diagnostic Criteria (ICD-10)
Core Features
- Anxiety not restricted to any particular environmental situation
- Persistent and pervasive worry or apprehension
- Physical symptoms: trembling, sweating, palpitations, dizziness
- Motor tension and restlessness
- Apprehensive expectation
- Vigilance and scanning
Duration GAD: at least 6 months of persistent anxiety. Panic disorder: recurrent unexpected panic attacks.
Severity Specifiers
- Panic disorder (F41.0): recurrent unpredictable panic attacks
- GAD (F41.1): persistent generalised anxiety
- Mixed anxiety and depression (F41.2): both present but neither predominant
Exclusion Criteria
- Anxiety restricted to phobic situations (use F40)
- Prominent obsessions or compulsions (use F42)
- Trauma-related anxiety (use F43)
ICD-10-AM Subcodes
| Code | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| F41.0 | Panic disorder | Recurrent unpredictable attacks of severe anxiety (panic) not restricted to any particular situation. Dominant symptoms vary but include sudden onset of palpitations, chest pain, choking, dizziness, and feelings of unreality. |
| F41.1 | Generalised anxiety disorder | Generalised and persistent anxiety not restricted to any particular circumstance. Dominant symptoms include continuous nervousness, trembling, muscular tension, sweating, lightheadedness, palpitations, dizziness, and epigastric discomfort. |
| F41.2 | Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder | Both anxiety and depression present but neither is clearly predominant. When both sets of symptoms are severe enough to justify individual diagnoses, both should be coded. |
| F41.3 | Other mixed anxiety disorders | Symptoms of anxiety mixed with features of other disorders (e.g., dissociative, somatoform, obsessional) but none is clearly predominant. |
| F41.8 | Other specified anxiety disorders | Other specified anxiety presentations, including anxiety hysteria. |
| F41.9 | Anxiety disorder, unspecified | Anxiety NOS. |
Classification Boundaries
Includes
- Panic disorder
- Generalised anxiety disorder
- Anxiety depression (mild or non-persistent)
- Anxiety hysteria
- Anxiety reaction
- Anxiety state
Excludes1 (coded elsewhere)
- Phobic anxiety disorders (F40)
- OCD (F42)
- Neurasthenia (F48.0)
Australian Clinical Context
Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental health conditions in Australia, affecting approximately 16.8% of the population in any given year. The GAD-7 is the primary screening tool in Australian primary care. Treatment follows a stepped-care model: psychoeducation and self-help, followed by psychological therapy (CBT) and/or pharmacotherapy (SSRIs/SNRIs) for moderate-to-severe presentations.
Medicare (MBS) Pathways
Better Access to Mental Health Care
The primary Medicare pathway for mental health treatment in Australia. Requires a GP Mental Health Treatment Plan (MHTP) referral. Available for any clinically diagnosed mental disorder.
10 individual + 10 group sessions per calendar year
| Provider Type | MBS Items | Session Type |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Psychologist | 80000–80025 | Psychological therapy (higher rebate) |
| Registered Psychologist | 80100–80123 | Focused psychological strategies |
| Occupational Therapist | 80125–80145 | Focused psychological strategies |
| Social Worker | 80150–80175 | Focused psychological strategies |
| Psychiatrist | 291, 296–299, 300–308 | Psychiatric consultation |
GP referral items: 2700, 2701, 2715, 2717
Eligibility: Any clinically diagnosed mental disorder as defined by WHO ICD-10 Chapter V. Requires a GP or psychiatrist referral.
Exclusions:
- Intellectual disability (use Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder pathway or specialist referral)
- Dementia and organic mental disorders (use specialist referral pathway)
- Tobacco use disorder
Grounded Scribe suggests the right MBS item codes from your recording so you can claim accurately without re-keying.
Reference information sourced from MBS Online (mbsonline.gov.au). Item availability, rebates, and eligibility criteria may change. This is not billing advice — always verify current items before claiming. Last verified: April 2026.
Clinical Documentation Notes
F41.0 (Panic disorder) should be distinguished from panic attacks occurring as part of another disorder. F41.1 (GAD) requires persistent anxiety for at least six months per DSM-5-TR. The mixed anxiety-depression code (F41.2) is useful in primary care but should be specified further when possible.
Related Assessment Tools
Other validated instruments commonly used alongside the Other Anxiety Disorders (F41).
- GAD-7
AnxietyA 7-item screening tool for generalized anxiety disorderCalculate → - GAD-2
AnxietyA 2-item ultra-brief screener for anxiety, using the first two items of the GAD-7Calculate → - PHQ-4
Combined ScreeningA 4-item ultra-brief combined screener for depression and anxiety (combines PHQ-2 + GAD-2)Calculate → - DASS-21
StressA 21-item self-report measure of depression, anxiety, and stress with three 7-item subscalesCalculate → - DASS-42
StressThe full 42-item self-report measure of depression, anxiety, and stress with three 14-item subscales. Provides more detailed assessment than the DASS-21.Calculate → - CORE-10
Clinical OutcomesA 10-item measure of psychological distress for monitoring clinical outcomes in therapyCalculate →
Related Diagnostic Codes
ICD-10-AM diagnostic codes commonly associated with the Other Anxiety Disorders (F41).
- F40Anxiety Disorders (Specific Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Agoraphobia)Anxiety DisordersView reference →
- F42Obsessive-Compulsive and Related DisordersAnxiety DisordersView reference →
- F43Trauma- and Stressor-Related DisordersAnxiety DisordersView reference →
- F32Major Depressive DisorderMood DisordersView reference →
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the GAD-7 cutoff for clinical significance?
The GAD-7 uses cutoffs of 5 (mild), 10 (moderate), and 15 (severe) anxiety. A score of 10 or above is commonly used as the clinical threshold warranting further assessment and potential treatment.
Can I use F41.2 for comorbid anxiety and depression?
F41.2 should only be used when both anxiety and depression are present but neither is severe enough to justify its own diagnosis. If both meet diagnostic criteria independently, code both (e.g., F32.1 and F41.1).
References
- World Health Organization. ICD-10-AM.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics. National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing, 2020-21.
- RANZCP. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder, and Generalised Anxiety Disorder.
- American Psychiatric Association. DSM-5-TR. 2022.
This tool calculates scores based on published guidelines for professional reference. It does not provide clinical diagnoses. Scores are provided as reference information only and should be interpreted by a qualified practitioner in the context of a comprehensive assessment.
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